You may also be prescribed a range of medicines and a special kidney-friendly diet. If you’re older or frailer, you might prefer supportive care, with no dialysis or transplant. This means either dialysis to clean your blood, or a kidney transplant. How doctors will treat you: Most will need renal (kidney) replacement therapy (RRT). Along with the symptoms listed in the earlier stages, you may have other symptoms including trouble breathing and leg or ankle swelling. How you might feel: Your kidneys have stopped filtering waste and fluid from your blood so you are likely to have a range of serious health issues at this stage, including anaemia, high blood pressure and a build-up of substances including acid in your body. CKD can usually be managed well and people with it can live long lives. It sounds scary but remember most people with CKD don’t get to this stage. This is called kidney failure, end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It means your kidneys have stopped working or are close to stopping. In this stage, your eGFR is less than 15ml/min. Some people may need dialysis or a kidney transplant at this point. They’ll treat you with medicines to address diabetes and high blood pressure, and other medicines to help with symptoms. How doctors will treat you: You’ll be seen by a specialist kidney doctor called a nephrologist. How you might feel: Stage 4 is likely to result in health problems, including high blood pressure, anaemia, heart disease and bone problems. This stage means your kidneys have severe damage and waste products are building up in your blood. The good news is that with treatment and lifestyle changes, lots of people stay stable at stage 3 and their CKD doesn’t get worse. Healthy lifestyle changes are crucial at this stage, including moving around more and eating a kidney-friendly diet. How doctors will treat you: They may prescribe medicines that treat your symptoms as well as underlying conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes. How you might feel: This is the stage when a lot of people begin to notice signs of a problem, as waste starts to build up and begins to affect different parts of the body. Kidney damage is now mild to moderate and your kidneys are beginning to struggle with filtering waste and extra fluid out of your blood. This is split into two stages: 3a and 3b.Īt 3a, your eGFR is 45-59ml/min. Stage 3 (CKD3a+b) – Mild to Moderate Kidney Disease This will mean keeping your blood pressure in a healthy range and managing your blood glucose if you have diabetes. How doctors will treat you: Again, at this stage it’s all about slowing down the damage. But, as in stage 1, some people have a few of the tell-tale symptoms. How you might feel: Your kidneys should still be able to filter your blood so you may not notice any signs of a problem. Tests may show protein and blood in your wee, and kidney damage may show in a test like an ultrasound or CT scan. Your eGFR is 60-89ml/min, plus you have some other signs of kidney damage. You may also be given lifestyle advice to help you support your kidneys. That will probably involve making sure underlying conditions, like high blood pressure and diabetes, are well managed. ![]() How doctors will treat you: They’ll try to slow down kidney damage for as long as possible. But some people have high blood pressure, some swelling in their hands and feet and urinary tract infections. How you might feel: As your kidneys are still working well, you’re unlikely to have symptoms. Your eGFR is above 90ml/min (normal) but some other tests suggest you may have some kidney damage – for example, you have protein in your wee. The five stages of CKD Stage 1 (CKD1) – CKD Risk Factor To get a fuller picture of your kidney function, doctors will carry out tests on your wee to look for blood and protein, which can be present if your kidneys aren’t working properly.įind out more about tests for CKD. Healthy kidneys should be able to filter more than 90ml/min. The calculation is called your estimated glomerular filtration rate, usually shortened to eGFR. They look at the results of this, along with your age, size, ethnic group and gender, to calculate how much waste your kidneys are filtering every minute. Your doctor will carry out a blood test that measures levels of a waste product called creatinine in your blood. Only around one in 50 people with CKD ends up with kidney failure. At each stage, your doctors will try to slow down the damage and help keep your kidneys working as well as possible, for as long as possible. These stages are a way of explaining how well your kidneys are working.ĬKD may get worse over time so the different stages help your healthcare team understand what’s going on and make decisions. Doctors divide chronic kidney disease (CKD) into five stages.
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